Research
Finding useful structure in quantum light.
My research sits at the intersection of quantum optics, information theory, and mathematical physics. I study how the form of entanglement changes what is possible in sensing and communication under realistic noise and loss.
Seeing through noise
Quantum illumination asks whether entangled light can detect a weakly reflecting object hidden in bright background noise. My work shows that high-dimensional Bell states can match the best-known advantage in high noise and remain useful across low and intermediate noise as well.
Paired with a sequential decision rule, the same framework can go beyond a fixed performance improvement: for a target known to be somewhere among several possible locations, the error can approach zero with finite transmitted energy under the model studied.
Entanglement that tolerates loss
Single photons are natural carriers of quantum information, but losing one can erase the resource they carry. I helped introduce a multi-photon extension of a high-dimensional Bell state designed so that the entanglement structure of the returning photons is largely preserved after attenuation.
The result is a theoretical building block for photonic protocols that must operate across imperfect channels.
Mathematical foundations
I am interested in the mathematical principles beneath quantum advantage: how correlations are represented, how information changes under a physical channel, and which limits are fundamental rather than technological.
Earlier work included quantum machine learning, tensor-network learnability, and algebraic structures in Feynman graphs.
Publications
Selected scholarly work
- 2025
Toward error-free quantum target finding: When sequential detection meets high-dimensional entanglement
Armanpreet Pannu, Amr S. Helmy, and Hesham El Gamal · Physical Review A 112, L030602
DOI ↗ - 2024
Quantum illumination with high-dimensional Bell states
Armanpreet Pannu, Amr S. Helmy, and Hesham El Gamal · Physical Review A 110, L050603 · Editors’ Suggestion
DOI ↗ - 2024
A novel multi-photon entangled state with enhanced resilience to path loss
Armanpreet Pannu, Amr S. Helmy, and Hesham El Gamal · IEEE ISIT Workshops
IEEE Xplore ↗